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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators01:23

Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators

Vasodilators, primarily affecting the smooth muscles within arterial and venous walls, are commonly used for hypertension treatment. Medications such as minoxidil and hydralazine primarily target arteries and arterioles, while sodium nitroprusside acts on arterioles and venules. Minoxidil, functioning as a prodrug, is metabolized by hepatic sulfotransferase into its active form, minoxidil sulfate, after oral administration. This metabolite binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) component of...

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Vasorelaxation elicited by endogenous and exogenous hydrogen sulfide in mouse mesenteric arteries.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology·2019
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
03:55

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria

Published on: June 27, 2022

Hydrogen sulfide as a vasculoprotective factor.

Eloise Streeter1, Hooi H Ng, Joanne L Hart

  • 1School of Medical Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute (HIRi), RMIT University, PO Box 70, Bundoora, Vic, 3083, Australia. Joanne.hart@rmit.edu.au.

Medical Gas Research
|May 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter, offers significant cardiovascular benefits including vasodilation and anti-inflammation. Its antioxidant properties protect vascular health, suggesting therapeutic potential for cardiovascular diseases.

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A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized as a gasotransmitter with diverse physiological roles.
  • Cardiovascular effects of H2S include vasorelaxation, anti-inflammatory actions, and anti-thrombotic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the vascular effects and antioxidant properties of H2S.
  • To examine the protective role of H2S in vascular disease states.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on H2S and cardiovascular health.
  • Analysis of H2S's chemical properties as a reductant and nucleophile.
  • Examination of H2S's role in oxidative stress and antioxidant defense.

Main Results:

  • H2S inhibits reactive oxygen species production and scavenges existing ones.
  • H2S protects vascular endothelial function, maintaining blood flow and organ perfusion.
  • Endogenous H2S deficiency is linked to cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • H2S acts as a vasculoprotective factor.
  • Exogenous H2S donors show promise as therapeutic agents for cardiovascular conditions.