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Broiler ascites syndrome: collateral damage from efficient feed to meat conversion
Isabelle D Kalmar1, Daisy Vanrompay, Geert P J Janssens
1Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ghent University, Belgium. Isabelle.Kalmar@ugent.be
Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|May 1, 2013
Summary
Intense breeding for fast-growing chickens has boosted meat production but increased metabolic diseases like broiler ascites syndrome. This review covers the history, causes, spread, and prevention of this condition in poultry.
Area of Science:
- Poultry Science
- Animal Genetics
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Chickens have been selectively bred for over 4000 years for desirable traits.
- Modern broiler production has seen significant increases in meat yield and feed efficiency due to intense genetic selection.
- This intense selection has inadvertently led to increased mortality and metabolic diseases, including broiler ascites syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of broiler ascites syndrome.
- To examine the historical background, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of the disease.
- To discuss prevention strategies for broiler ascites syndrome in contemporary poultry production.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes information from existing scientific literature.
- It focuses on historical data, pathogenesis studies, epidemiological reports, and prevention research related to broiler ascites syndrome.
- The review analyzes the impact of selective breeding and modern rearing techniques on disease incidence.
Main Results:
- Broiler ascites syndrome is closely linked to rapid growth rates and high meat yield achieved through intense genetic selection.
- Modern rearing techniques can exacerbate the condition.
- Increased mortality and metabolic diseases are parallel consequences of selection for high productivity.
Conclusions:
- Intense selection for productivity in broiler chickens has created genetic potential for rapid growth but also predisposed them to metabolic disorders like ascites.
- Understanding the historical context, pathogenesis, and epidemiology is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.
- Further research and adjustments in breeding and rearing practices are needed to mitigate broiler ascites syndrome while maintaining production efficiency.
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