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Updated: May 11, 2026

An Ex Vivo Chicken Primary Bursal-cell Culture Model to Study Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Pathogenesis
Published on: October 4, 2018
Unique features of chicken Toll-like receptors
A Marijke Keestra1, Marcel R de Zoete, Lieneke I Bouwman
1Department of Infectious Disease & Immunology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of innate immune pattern recognition receptors that have a key role in immune homeostasis and the defense against infections. The research explosion that followed the discovery of TLRs more than a decade ago has boosted fundamental knowledge on the function of the immune system and the resistance against disease, providing a rational for clinical modulation of the immune response. In addition, the conserved nature of the ancient TLR system throughout the animal kingdom has enabled a comparative biology approach to understand the evolution, structural architecture, and function of TLRs. In the present review we focus on TLR biology in the avian species, and, especially, on the unique functional properties of the chicken TLR repertoire.
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