[Disordered glucose tolerance in diffuse toxic goiter].

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Disorders
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) is an endocrine disorder affecting thyroid function.
• The relationship between DTG and glucose metabolism requires further elucidation.
• Understanding comorbidities associated with DTG is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with diffuse toxic goiter.
• To investigate glucose homeostasis and pancreatic beta-cell function in DTG patients.
• To explore the association between DTG severity and glucose tolerance disorders.

Main Methods:

• Clinical analysis of 1856 case records of patients with DTG.
• Investigation of blood glucose and insulin levels in 107 DTG patients.
• Glucose tolerance testing (oral glucose challenge) at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes.

Main Results:

• Diabetes mellitus was observed in 8.6% of DTG patients, three times more frequent than in the general population.
• Glucose tolerance disorders were identified in 55% of patients, with 19% having latent or overt diabetes mellitus.
• Pathogenesis of glucose dysregulation is linked to insular apparatus function, showing progressive beta-cell insufficiency.

Conclusions:

• DTG is associated with a significantly higher incidence of diabetes mellitus.
• Glucose tolerance disorders and beta-cell dysfunction are prevalent in DTG, correlating with clinical disease severity.
• Early detection and management of glucose metabolism disturbances are important in DTG patients.