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Related Concept Videos

Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
Exocytosis00:50

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Exocytosis is a process that releases molecules outside the cell. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, which brings molecules inside the cell. Sometimes, the released materials are signaling molecules. For example, neurons typically use exocytosis to release neurotransmitters. Cells also use exocytosis to insert proteins such as ion channels into their cell membranes, secrete proteins for use in the extracellular matrix, or...
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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
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Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

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Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment
10:09

Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment

Published on: June 2, 2020

Extracellular vesicles: communication, coercion, and conditioning.

David A Shifrin1, Michelle Demory Beckler, Robert J Coffey

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
|May 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles are small, secreted particles carrying proteins and nucleic acids. These bioactive organelles play crucial roles in cell communication and maintaining physiological homeostasis.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cells communicate via secreted factors, crucial for homeostasis.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized for distributing molecules.
  • EVs were initially debated but are now known as bioactive organelles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Discuss recent advancements in understanding EV biogenesis.
  • Elucidate the role of EVs in maintaining physiological homeostasis.
  • Highlight the diverse functions and cargoes of EVs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent developments in EV research.
  • Analysis of studies on EV biogenesis pathways.
  • Examination of functional studies on EV-mediated cell signaling.

Main Results:

  • EVs are released by various cell types, carrying diverse protein and nucleic acid cargoes.
  • These cargoes include molecules involved in cell signaling.
  • EVs contribute significantly to maintaining physiological homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • EVs are critical mediators of intercellular communication.
  • Understanding EV biogenesis is key to their therapeutic potential.
  • EVs are essential for physiological homeostasis and have diverse biological functions.