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Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
07:32

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

Three-dimensional deformation comparison of self-ligating brackets.

Garrett W Melenka1, David S Nobes, Jason P Carey

  • 1Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|May 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new 3D torque simulator to measure orthodontic bracket motion during archwire rotation. The system accurately quanties 3D bracket movement, aiding in the evaluation of self-ligating bracket designs.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Force System with Vertical V-Bends: A 3D In Vitro Assessment of Elastic and Rigid Rectangular Archwires
08:46

Force System with Vertical V-Bends: A 3D In Vitro Assessment of Elastic and Rigid Rectangular Archwires

Published on: July 24, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Archwire rotation is crucial for adjusting tooth orientation in orthodontics.
  • Accurate measurement of 3D bracket motion is essential for understanding orthodontic mechanics.
  • Existing methods require novel configurations for precise 3D torque simulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a new orthodontic torque simulator for measuring 3D bracket motion.
  • To quantify and compare the 3D motion of self-ligating bracket components during archwire rotation.
  • To assess the utility of a 3D digital image correlation technique in evaluating bracket deformation.

Main Methods:

  • A novel orthodontic torque simulator was integrated with a stereo microscope and two cameras.
  • 3D digital image correlation was employed to analyze stereo camera images and determine bracket deformation.
  • Three types of self-ligating brackets (Damon Q, In-Ovation R, Speed) were tested to compare their 3D motion.

Main Results:

  • The 3D digital image correlation method successfully quantified the 3D motion of bracket tie-wings and the archwire retentive component.
  • Displacement values for the archwire retentive component were significantly lower in Damon Q and In-Ovation brackets compared to previous studies.
  • Contour plots visualized the complex 3D movements within the tested self-ligating brackets.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D optical measurement system effectively quantifies the 3D motion of the archwire retentive component.
  • While useful for understanding retentive component motion, the 3D system is not essential for quantifying bracket tie-wing motion.
  • This measurement technique offers a valuable tool for evaluating and comparing the biomechanical performance of diverse bracket designs.