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Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
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Emphysematous cystitis: a tympanic bladder.

Luke Dixon1, Mathias Winkler

  • 1Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK. lukedixon@doctors.org.uk

BMJ Case Reports
|May 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emphysematous cystitis, a rare bladder condition causing gas in the bladder wall, can be precipitated by hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketosis. Treatment with antibiotics and bladder drainage leads to rapid symptom improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Endocrinology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Emphysematous cystitis is a rare, gas-forming infection of the bladder wall.
  • It is often associated with diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemic states.
  • Modern imaging techniques have increased its recognition.

Observation:

  • An 86-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes presented with lethargy and hyperglycemia.
  • Physical examination revealed a tender, tympanic bladder.
  • CT imaging showed a distended bladder with gas locules in the bladder wall.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketosis precipitated by emphysematous cystitis.
  • Treatment involved systemic antibiotics and bladder drainage via urethral catheter.
  • Symptoms improved rapidly, and radiographic bladder appearances normalized within a week.

Implications:

  • Emphysematous cystitis requires prompt diagnosis and management.
  • Antibiotics and bladder drainage are the primary treatment modalities.
  • While typically managed conservatively, rare cases may necessitate surgical intervention.