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Exercise attenuates PCB-induced changes in the mouse gut microbiome.

Jeong June Choi¹, Sung Yong Eum, Evadnie Rampersaud

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.

Environmental Health Perspectives

|May 2, 2013

Summary

Environmental toxicants like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) alter gut bacteria. Voluntary exercise in mice mitigated these PCB-induced changes in the gut microbiome, highlighting a potential protective behavioral factor.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Toxicology
Environmental Health

Background:

The gut microbiome is crucial for host health, regulating metabolism and immunity.
It may influence susceptibility to environmental toxicants.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental pollutants with potential health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of PCBs and exercise on gut microbiome composition and structure in mice.
To determine if exercise can counteract PCB-induced alterations in the gut microbiome.

Main Methods:

Mice underwent voluntary exercise for 5 weeks.
Mice were orally administered environmentally relevant PCB congeners (PCB153, PCB138, PCB180).
Gut microbiome composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene microarray analysis.

Main Results:

PCB exposure significantly altered the gut microbiome, notably decreasing Proteobacteria abundance.
Increased physical activity correlated with significant shifts in microbiome abundance, biodiversity, and composition.
Exercise effectively attenuated the changes in the gut microbiome induced by PCB exposure.

Conclusions:

Oral PCB exposure causes significant gut microbiome alterations, potentially influencing systemic toxicity.
Behavioral factors, such as voluntary exercise, can attenuate PCB-induced gut microbiome changes.
This suggests exercise may play a role in mitigating the toxic effects of environmental pollutants.