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Enamel surface remineralization: Using synthetic nanohydroxyapatite.

J Shanti Swarup¹, Arathi Rao

¹Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, India.

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry

|May 2, 2013

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Biomimetic nanohydroxyapatite effectively remineralizes early enamel lesions, showing superior results in mineral content and surface hardness compared to sodium fluoride. This synthetic material shows promise for repairing early carious lesions.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials science
Dental research
Nanotechnology

Background:

Early enamel lesions are a precursor to dental caries.
Remineralization aims to restore mineral content to weakened enamel.
Conventional treatments include sodium fluoride, but novel agents are being explored.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the remineralizing effects of synthetic nanohydroxyapatite with 2% sodium fluoride on early human enamel lesions.
To evaluate the efficacy of nanohydroxyapatite as a potential biomimetic material for dental repair.

Main Methods:

Thirty human premolars were divided into nanohydroxyapatite and sodium fluoride groups.
Specimens underwent demineralization followed by treatment with 20 nm nanohydroxyapatite or 2% sodium fluoride.

Keywords:

Biomimetic enamel microhardness mineral content nanohydroxyapatite remineralization sodium fluoride

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Remineralization was assessed using surface microhardness, scanning electron microscopy, and Ca/P ratio analysis.

Main Results:

Nanohydroxyapatite treatment resulted in a surface morphology similar to natural enamel.
A significantly greater increase in Ca/P ratio and surface microhardness recovery towards baseline was observed in the nanohydroxyapatite group (P < 0.05).
No significant difference in lesion thickness was found between the groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Biomimetic nanohydroxyapatite demonstrates significant potential as a remineralizing agent for early carious lesions.
It offers a promising synthetic, biocompatible alternative for enamel repair.
The findings support nanohydroxyapatite's role in restorative dental applications.