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Related Concept Videos

Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...
Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test01:23

Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test

The Hinsberg test is a method to identify primary, secondary and tertiary amines, named after its pioneer, Oscar Hinsberg. Here, amines are treated with benzenesulfonyl chloride, also known as the Hinsberg reagent, in the presence of an excess of aqueous base, followed by acidification. Based on the nature of the amines, different changes are observed.
Generally, a primary amine reacts with the Hinsberg reagent to produce an N-substituted benzenesulfonamide. The electron-withdrawing sulfonyl...
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene01:22

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene

Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
Structure of Amines01:19

Structure of Amines

The hybridized nitrogen atom in amines possesses a lone pair of electrons and is bound to three substituents with a bond angle of around 108°, which is less than the tetrahedral angle of 109.5°. However, the C–N–H bond angle is slightly larger at 112°, with a carbon–nitrogen bond length of 147 pm. This carbon–nitrogen bond length of of amines is longer than the carbon–oxygen bond of alcohols (143 pm) but shorter than alkanes’ carbon–carbon bond (154 pm). These aspects are illustrated in Figure...

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Bis(4-sulfamoylanilinium) sulfate.

B Ravikumar1, S Pandiarajan, S Athimoolam

  • 1Department of Physics, Devanga Arts College, Aruppukottai 626 101, India.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
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Summary

This study details the crystal structure of a sulfate salt, revealing intense anion libration and a stabilizing 3D hydrogen-bonding network. These findings offer insights into the compound's structural dynamics and intermolecular interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Molecular structure

Background:

  • The title salt, 2C6H9N2O2S(+)·SO4(2-), presents a unique crystallographic system.
  • Understanding the precise arrangement and dynamics of ions in crystalline structures is crucial for materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title salt.
  • To investigate the dynamic behavior of the sulfate anion within the crystal lattice.
  • To characterize the hydrogen-bonding network contributing to structural stability.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
  • Analysis of crystallographic symmetry and atomic positions.
  • Examination of electron density maps to identify bonding interactions and libration effects.

Main Results:

  • The sulfate sulfur atom is located on a crystallographic twofold axis.
  • Intense libration of the sulfate anion was observed, evidenced by shortened S-O bonds and electron density map features.
  • A robust three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network, primarily involving N-H⋯O interactions, was identified as the stabilizing force for the crystal structure.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of the title salt is characterized by dynamic sulfate anions and extensive hydrogen bonding.
  • The observed libration and hydrogen bonding significantly influence the overall structural integrity and properties of the salt.
  • This detailed structural analysis provides a foundation for further investigations into the salt's chemical and physical behavior.