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Invited review article: Large ring lasers for rotation sensing.

Karl Ulrich Schreiber1, Jon-Paul R Wells

  • 1Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Forschungseinrichtung Satellitengeodaesie, Fundamentalstation Wettzell, 93444 Bad Kötzting, Germany. schreiber@fs.wettzell.de

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Geodesy
  • Seismology
  • Fundamental Physics

Background:

  • Ring laser gyroscope technology has advanced significantly over the past two decades.
  • Upscaled devices have achieved an unparalleled scale factor, improving sensitivity and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the advancements in ring laser gyroscope technology.
  • To showcase new applications in Earth sciences and fundamental physics.
  • To discuss the potential for testing general relativistic effects.

Main Methods:

  • Development and deployment of large-scale ring laser gyroscopes.
  • Utilizing these devices for high-precision rotation rate measurements.
  • Exploring applications referencing the Earth's instantaneous rotation axis.

Main Results:

  • Sensitivity and stability of rotation rate measurements improved by six orders of magnitude.
  • Enabled novel applications in geophysics, geodesy, and seismology.
  • Established ring lasers as the sole technology directly referencing Earth's rotation axis.

Conclusions:

  • Ring laser gyroscopes represent a breakthrough in rotation sensing technology.
  • This advancement opens new avenues for geophysical and geodetic research.
  • The technology is poised for testing fundamental physics, including frame-dragging effects.