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Related Concept Videos

Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
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Reinforced Brick Masonry

Reinforced brick masonry is an advanced construction technique that enhances the structural integrity of brick walls by incorporating steel reinforcements. These reinforcements are either placed within the hollow cores of bricks or sandwiched between two layers of masonry, known as wythes, and are then secured in place with grout. Grout is a fluid mixture composed of Portland cement, aggregate, and water, providing the necessary bonding agent for the steel and brick.
To fortify brick walls...
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The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

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Electrolytes are essential minerals and ions primarily obtained from the diet and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Most electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine. While the absorption of iron and calcium primarily occurs in the duodenum, calcium is also absorbed in the jejunum and ileum. In these regions, passive diffusion contributes to its absorption alongside active transport mechanisms in the duodenum. These ions can exit the enterocytes through specialized active...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits
11:09

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

Published on: February 10, 2023

Root fortification.

Robert R Seghi1, Sadia Nasrin, Jonathan Draney

  • 1College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. seghi.1@osu.edu

Pediatric Dentistry
|May 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Thin dentin walls in incompletely formed teeth increase fracture risk, impacting prognosis. This review examines restorative techniques and biomechanical factors to improve weakened root reinforcement and long-term tooth survival.

Area of Science:

  • Dental science
  • Biomaterials science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Incompletely formed teeth often have thin dentin walls, predisposing them to cervical root fractures.
  • These fractures significantly compromise the long-term prognosis and survival of the tooth.
  • Current restorative methods aim to reinforce these weakened roots.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing scientific evidence on various restorative techniques for weakened roots.
  • To analyze biomechanical considerations in reinforcing compromised tooth structures.
  • To synthesize current information on failure analysis and fracture characteristics for future recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of reported restorative techniques for thin dentin walls.

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  • Analysis of biomechanical principles relevant to root reinforcement.
  • Evaluation of current failure analysis and fracture characteristic data.
  • Consideration of in vitro test configurations.

    • Main Results:

    • A review of various reported techniques for reinforcing weakened roots was conducted.
    • Biomechanical factors influencing the reinforcement of compromised roots were analyzed.
    • Current data on failure analysis and natural dentin fracture characteristics were considered.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding biomechanical considerations is crucial for effective root reinforcement.
    • Further research and analysis of failure modes are needed.
    • Recommendations for future research aim to improve the long-term prognosis of teeth with thin dentin walls.