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Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Multi-photon Intracellular Sodium Imaging Combined with UV-mediated Focal Uncaging of Glutamate in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons
10:29

Multi-photon Intracellular Sodium Imaging Combined with UV-mediated Focal Uncaging of Glutamate in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons

Published on: October 8, 2014

Imaging sodium in axons and dendrites.

William Ross, Ilya Fleidervish, Nechama Lasser-Ross

    Cold Spring Harbor Protocols
    |May 3, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This protocol details a one-photon imaging method to track intracellular sodium ion concentrations ([Na(+)](i)) in neurons. The technique allows visualization of sodium dynamics during neural activity, offering insights into neuronal function.

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    Published on: November 29, 2012

    Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices
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    Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 11, 2026

    Multi-photon Intracellular Sodium Imaging Combined with UV-mediated Focal Uncaging of Glutamate in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons
    10:29

    Multi-photon Intracellular Sodium Imaging Combined with UV-mediated Focal Uncaging of Glutamate in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons

    Published on: October 8, 2014

    Voltage-sensitive Dye Recording from Axons, Dendrites and Dendritic Spines of Individual Neurons in Brain Slices
    12:51

    Voltage-sensitive Dye Recording from Axons, Dendrites and Dendritic Spines of Individual Neurons in Brain Slices

    Published on: November 29, 2012

    Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices
    10:35

    Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices

    Published on: March 15, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biophysics
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Intracellular sodium ion concentrations ([Na(+)](i)) play a crucial role in neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission.
    • Imaging [Na(+)](i) changes is challenging due to smaller signal magnitudes compared to calcium indicators.
    • Understanding sodium dynamics is vital for comprehending neural signaling.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a reliable one-photon imaging protocol for detecting spatio-temporal changes in [Na(+)](i) in neurons.
    • To provide a method applicable to various neuron types in brain slices.
    • To overcome the technical difficulties associated with imaging small [Na(+)](i) signals.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a one-photon microscopy technique for fluorescence imaging.
    • Employing a sodium-sensitive indicator to load into neurons.
    • Stimulating neurons to evoke action potentials and synaptic activity.
    • Recording fluorescence changes using a sensitive detector or camera to map [Na(+)](i) dynamics.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the feasibility of imaging [Na(+)](i) changes in response to neural activity.
    • Successfully captured the time course and spatial distribution of sodium transients.
    • The method showed applicability to different neuronal cell types, especially flatter ones.

    Conclusions:

    • The described one-photon method enables accurate detection of [Na(+)](i) dynamics in neurons.
    • This protocol offers a valuable tool for studying neuronal function and excitability.
    • Further application to various neuronal populations can yield significant insights into brain function.