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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

Published on: August 27, 2021

A new method for determining gastric acid output using a wireless pH-sensing capsule.

D H Weinstein¹, S deRijke, C C Chow

¹Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

|May 4, 2013

Summary

A new wireless pH sensor, the SmartPill (SP), provides a non-invasive, accurate method for measuring gastric acid output (GAO). This validated tool can improve clinical management and research for acid-related disorders like GERD.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Medical Devices
Diagnostic Tools

Background:

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastric acid hypersecretion management are limited by the absence of a non-invasive tool to measure gastric acid output (GAO).
Current clinical practice relies on symptom assessment or invasive testing to guide acid suppression therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate a novel wireless pH sensor, SmartPill (SP), for non-invasive gastric acid output (GAO) analysis.
To assess the accuracy and reproducibility of SP-based GAO measurement in healthy subjects.

Main Methods:

Twenty healthy subjects underwent conventional nasogastric tube GAO studies and SmartPill (SP) GAO analysis using a liquid meal.
Gastric emptying and mixing were assessed using scintigraphy and radiolabeled meals.
Reproducibility was evaluated with a second SP GAO study in twelve subjects.

Main Results:

SmartPill (SP) based gastric acid output (GAO) analysis demonstrated strong correlations with conventional basal acid output (BAO), maximal acid output (MAO), and peak acid output (PAO).
SP GAO measurement was dependent on acid secretion rate and meal buffering capacity, but not gastric emptying time.
The SP effectively sampled the stomach during meal acidification, showing good reproducibility.

Conclusions:

SmartPill (SP) GAO analysis offers a non-invasive, accurate, and reproducible method for quantifying gastric acid output in healthy individuals.
This novel method has the potential to significantly advance research and clinical management of GERD and other gastric acid secretion disorders.