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Updated: May 11, 2026

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
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Published on: July 24, 2013

Implementing frailty into clinical practice: a cautionary tale.

Nadia Sourial1, Howard Bergman, Sathya Karunananthan

  • 1*These authors contributed equally to the design of the study and to the preparation of the article.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|May 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding frailty markers modestly improves prediction of disability beyond clinical factors. Frailty may be a modifiable target for improving patient prognoses.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyFrailtyFunctional performanceOutcomes.Risk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Epidemiology
  • Predictive Modeling

Background:

  • Frailty's role in enhancing patient-level prediction beyond standard clinical data is under-researched.
  • Seven key frailty markers (cognition, energy, mobility, mood, nutrition, physical activity, strength) were assessed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the predictive ability of 129 frailty marker combinations.
  • To quantify frailty's contribution to predictive accuracy beyond age, sex, and chronic disease count.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two cohorts from the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly.
  • Employed Akaike Information Criterion for best predictive model fit and C statistic for accuracy.
  • Evaluated 129 combinations of seven frailty markers.

Main Results:

  • The best models incorporated five to seven frailty markers, including cognition, mobility, nutrition, physical activity, and strength.
  • Adding frailty markers increased predictive accuracy by up to 3% (p < .001).
  • Frailty's predictive contribution reached 9% in the oldest age group.

Conclusions:

  • Frailty markers offer a modest but potentially valuable enhancement to patient-level disability prediction.
  • Frailty's potential modifiability makes it an attractive prognostic target compared to non-modifiable factors like age and sex.
  • Further research is needed to establish frailty as a routine prognostic tool.