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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...

Nephrons

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes

Published on: March 4, 2022

Integrins in kidney disease.

Ambra Pozzi¹, Roy Zent

¹Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 27232, USA. ambra.pozzi@vanderbilt.edu

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

|May 4, 2013

Summary

Chronic kidney injury involves fibrosis, a scarring process driven by excessive extracellular matrix. Integrins, cell receptors, play a key role in regulating matrix remodeling and contribute to kidney fibrosis development.

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Chronic kidney injury (CKD) is characterized by fibrosis, an irreversible scarring process resulting from the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components.
Dysregulated ECM synthesis and degradation lead to tissue scarring, organ damage, and potential organ failure in CKD.
Cell-matrix interactions, mediated by integrins, are crucial in regulating ECM homeostasis and cellular functions relevant to kidney fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the major integrins implicated in kidney disease.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms through which integrins contribute to renal fibrosis.

Main Methods:

Review of scientific literature focusing on integrins and kidney fibrosis.
Analysis of genetic mutations and animal models to understand integrin function in kidney disease.

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Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes

Published on: March 4, 2022

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Published on: November 10, 2021

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Main Results:

Integrins, as transmembrane receptors, bind to the ECM and activate intracellular signaling pathways.
These signaling pathways control critical cell functions, including survival, proliferation, migration, and ECM homeostasis.
Specific integrins have been identified as major contributors to the development of kidney fibrosis.

Conclusions:

Integrins are pivotal in mediating cell-matrix interactions that drive renal fibrosis.
Understanding integrin-mediated mechanisms offers potential therapeutic targets for mitigating kidney fibrosis in CKD.