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Assessing cellular DNA damage from a helium plasma needle.

P Morales-Ramírez1, V Cruz-Vallejo, R Peña-Eguiluz

  • 1Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Gerencia de Ciencias Básicas, Mexico. pedro.morales@inin.gob.mx

Radiation Research
|May 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma (APNTP) causes deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in mouse leukocytes. DNA fragmentation and breaks were observed, primarily induced by oxidative radicals from the plasma needle.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Plasma Physics

Background:

  • Atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma (APNTP) is an emerging tool with potential applications in biology and medicine.
  • Understanding the biological effects of APNTP, particularly on cellular components like DNA, is crucial for its safe and effective use.
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage can lead to mutations and cell death, impacting biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent and nature of DNA damage in mouse leukocytes exposed to helium APNTP.
  • To determine the influence of distance from the plasma source and exposure duration on DNA integrity.
  • To elucidate the primary mechanisms responsible for APNTP-induced DNA damage.

Main Methods:

  • Mouse leukocytes were embedded in agarose and exposed to helium APNTP at varying distances (0.1 cm and 0.5 cm) and durations.

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  • DNA damage was quantitatively assessed using the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, including alkaline SCGE.
  • Analysis focused on DNA fragmentation, tail intensity, tail moment, and the frequency of "clouds" indicative of extensive damage.

    • Main Results:

    • Exposure to APNTP at 0.1 cm resulted in complete DNA fragmentation in leukocytes.
    • At 0.5 cm, DNA damage, measured by tail intensity and "clouds" frequency, increased proportionally with exposure time.
    • Alkaline SCGE results indicated that oxidative radicals, not UV radiation, were the main cause of DNA breaks and alkali-labile sites.

    Conclusions:

    • Helium APNTP induces significant DNA breaks in mouse leukocytes.
    • The extent of DNA damage is dependent on the proximity to the plasma source and the duration of exposure.
    • Oxidative radicals generated by APNTP are the primary agents responsible for DNA damage, highlighting the importance of understanding plasma-chemistry interactions in biological applications.