Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Low-dose digoxin in patients with heart failure with reduced or mildly reduced ejection fraction: a randomized controlled trial.

Nature medicine·2026
Same author

Evaluation of YouTube Videos on Defibrillation Applications in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Nigerian journal of clinical practice·2024
Same author

The impact of patient-reported frailty on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients after non-ST-acute coronary syndrome.

International journal of cardiology·2024
Same author

A pharmacogenomic profile of human neural progenitors undergoing differentiation in the presence of the traditional Chinese medicine NeuroAiD.

The pharmacogenomics journal·2016
Same author

[Fatal aortarupture following electroconvulsive therapy].

Tijdschrift voor psychiatrie·2016
Same author

APP intracellular domain acts as a transcriptional regulator of miR-663 suppressing neuronal differentiation.

Cell death & disease·2015
Same journal

Corrigendum to: Sortilin as a Culprit in the Atherosclerosis Plaque Progression: Evidence from Clinical and Experimental Studies.

Current molecular medicine·2026
Same journal

Dynamic Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) During Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) Progression in Mice and Evaluation of FAP-targeted Tracers for Early CP Diagnosis.

Current molecular medicine·2026
Same journal

Causal Relationship Between 91 Inflammatory Factors and Gastritis: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Current molecular medicine·2026
Same journal

Therapeutic Potential of Pistacia Atlantica Gum in Aspirin-Induced Peptic Ulcers: A Dose-Dependent Approach to Mucosal Protection and Hepatorenal Safety.

Current molecular medicine·2026
Same journal

Identification and Characterization of MicroRNAs Associated with Borax-mediated Anti-tumor Activity through High-throughput Technology.

Current molecular medicine·2026
Same journal

Broad-Spectrum Vaccines: Challenges and Opportunities (A Systematic Review).

Current molecular medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
07:08

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

Published on: February 2, 2024

Pluripotency-regulating networks provide basis for reprogramming.

I Aksoy1, L W Stanton

  • 1Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street # 02-01, 138672, Singapore. stantonl@gis.a-star.edu.sg

Current Molecular Medicine
|May 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) is key for regenerative medicine. Improving the efficiency of this process requires understanding the embryonic stem cell transcriptional network.

More Related Videos

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
09:34

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program
11:00

Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program

Published on: December 16, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
07:08

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

Published on: February 2, 2024

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
09:34

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program
11:00

Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program

Published on: December 16, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Somatic cell reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) offers potential for disease modeling and therapies.
  • Current reprogramming methods are often slow and inefficient.
  • Developing improved reprogramming strategies is crucial for advancing regenerative medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in improving somatic cell reprogramming efficiency.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding the embryonic stem (ES) cell transcriptional network for efficient reprogramming.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on iPS cell reprogramming.
  • Analysis of strategies for enhancing reprogramming efficiency, including genetic factors, chemical compounds, and synthetic factors.
  • Focus on the role of the ES cell transcriptional network.

Main Results:

  • Numerous methods have been developed to enhance reprogramming efficiency.
  • A deeper understanding of the ES cell transcriptional network is critical for optimizing reprogramming.
  • Patient-specific iPS cell lines have significant applications in personalized medicine and research.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient reprogramming is essential for the clinical application of iPS cell technology.
  • Further research into the ES cell transcriptional network will drive innovation in reprogramming.
  • iPS cells hold immense promise for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative therapies.