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Updated: May 11, 2026

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Rhodium(III)-catalyzed indazole synthesis by C-H bond functionalization and cyclative capture
Yajing Lian1, Robert G Bergman, Luke D Lavis
1Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Abstract:
An efficient, one-step, and highly functional group-compatible synthesis of substituted N-aryl-2H-indazoles is reported via the rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H bond addition of azobenzenes to aldehydes. The regioselective coupling of unsymmetrical azobenzenes was further demonstrated and led to the development of a new removable aryl group that allows for the preparation of indazoles without N-substitution. The 2-aryl-2H-indazole products also represent a new class of readily prepared fluorophores for which initial spectroscopic characterization has been performed.
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