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Progressive resistance, whole body long-axis rotational training improves kicking motion motor performance
John Nyland1, Matthew Love1, Robert Burden1
1Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville, 550 S. Jackson St., Louisville, KY, USA.
Objectives:
To evaluate lower extremity muscle activation, peak resultant ground reaction force (GRF) production and quickness during performance of a kicking motion following progressive resistance, whole body long-axis rotational training.
Design:
Randomized, controlled study.
Setting:
Kinesiological research laboratory.
Participants:
Thirty-six healthy subjects were assigned to a training (Group 1) or to a control (Group 2) group.
Main Outcome Measures:
Time-synchronized EMG (1000 Hz), peak resultant GRF (1000 Hz) and two-dimensional kinematic (60 Hz) data were collected as subjects responded to an audio cue by kicking a cone. Group mean change differences (MCD) were compared using independent sample t-tests. Fisher's exact tests were used to determine group differences in the proportion of subjects that displayed earlier activation responses post-training.
Results:
Group 1 MCD revealed earlier gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, rectus femoris, medial hamstrings, and biceps femoris activation timing than Group 2 (P ≤ 0.006) and more Group 1 subjects displayed earlier activation of these muscles post-training (P ≤ 0.041). Group 1 MCD also revealed earlier peak resultant GRF timing and improved "kick quickness" than Group 2 (P ≤ 0.014) and more Group 1 subjects displayed earlier response timing for these variables post-training (P = 0.035).
Conclusion:
Progressive resistance, whole body long-axis rotational training may improve performance during sports movements that require quick, integrated trunk-lower extremity function.
