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Cumulative trauma and symptom complexity in children: a path analysis.

Monica Hodges¹, Natacha Godbout, John Briere

¹Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA.

Child Abuse & Neglect

|May 7, 2013

Summary

Childhood cumulative trauma, defined as multiple different trauma types, is linked to more complex psychological symptoms later in life. This complexity includes various symptom clusters appearing simultaneously in children.

Keywords:

Children Complex trauma Cumulative trauma Symptom complexity

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Area of Science:

Child Psychology
Trauma Studies
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Childhood trauma exposure is a known risk factor for adult psychological symptoms.
The relationship between the *number* of distinct trauma types and symptom complexity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between cumulative trauma (total number of different trauma types) and symptom complexity in children.
To define symptom complexity as the number of concurrently elevated clinical symptom clusters.

Main Methods:

Utilized path analysis on a clinical sample of 318 children.
Collected data on six trauma-related symptom areas (e.g., depression, anger, PTSD) from both child clients and their caretakers.

Main Results:

Cumulative trauma significantly predicted symptom complexity.
This association was consistent across both child and caretaker reports.

Conclusions:

Accumulated exposure to multiple types of childhood trauma is a significant predictor of complex psychological symptomatology.
Findings highlight the importance of assessing the *breadth* of trauma exposure in clinical child psychology.