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Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
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Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores02:26

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors01:24

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors

Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining. Bicarbonate,...
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Overlapping Peptide Library to Map Qa-1 Epitopes in a Protein
08:04

Overlapping Peptide Library to Map Qa-1 Epitopes in a Protein

Published on: December 20, 2017

Avian host defense peptides.

Tryntsje Cuperus1, Maarten Coorens, Albert van Dijk

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

Developmental and Comparative Immunology
|May 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are crucial antimicrobial molecules in innate immunity across species. Recent research highlights their diverse roles beyond direct pathogen defense, including immunomodulation and physiological processes in birds.

Keywords:
AMPAntibacterialAvBDBirdC-reactive proteinCATHCATH-2aCATH-2bCRPCathelicidinDESDHVDefensinESTHBDHDPHost defenseImmunomodulationLPSLTAMBLN-acetylglucosamineN-acetylneuramic acidNAGNAMNENGPNMRPBLPRRSESPSalmonella enteritidisTLRVDREantimicrobial peptideavian β-defensincathelicidincathelicidin-2 (Xiao et al. 2009)cathelicidin-2 (van Dijk et al., 2009a)diethylstilbestrolduck hepatitis virusedembryonic dayexpressed sequence taghost defense peptidehuman β-defensinlipopolysaccharidelipoteichoic acidmannan-binding lectinnecrotic enteritisneutrophilic granule proteinsnuclear magnetic resonancepattern-recogntion receptorperipheral blood leukocytesurfactant proteintoll-like receptorvitamin D receptor elements

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Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis
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Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry
  • Zoology

Background:

  • Host defense peptides (HDPs) are vital effector molecules in the innate immune system of vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, and fungi.
  • These antimicrobial peptides provide a first line of defense, exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities.
  • Emerging evidence suggests HDPs possess functions beyond direct antimicrobial actions, including immunomodulatory roles and involvement in physiological processes like development and wound healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significant advancements in understanding avian HDPs over the past five years.
  • To consolidate current knowledge on the evolution, regulation, and diverse biological functions of HDPs specifically in birds.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent scientific publications concerning avian host defense peptides.
  • Synthesis of data related to the evolutionary origins, regulatory mechanisms, and functional roles of bird HDPs.

Main Results:

  • Knowledge regarding avian HDPs has expanded considerably in recent years.
  • Avian HDPs, similar to their mammalian counterparts, exhibit multifaceted roles in immunity and physiology.
  • The review consolidates findings on evolutionary pathways, gene regulation, and specific biological activities of bird HDPs.

Conclusions:

  • Avian HDPs are key components of the innate immune system with diverse functions.
  • Further research into avian HDPs is crucial for understanding their evolutionary significance and broader biological roles.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on bird HDPs.