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Forward Genetic Approaches in Chlamydia trachomatis
09:03

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Published on: October 23, 2013

Estimating chlamydia re-infection rates: an empirical example.

Elizabeth A Torrone1, Catherine L Satterwhite, Delia Scholes

  • 1Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. igf0@cdc.gov

Sexually Transmitted Infections
|May 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Estimating chlamydia re-infection rates depends heavily on denominator selection. Different denominators yield varying trends, highlighting the need for careful interpretation of chlamydia control program data.

Keywords:
Bacterial InfectionChlamydia InfectionSurveillance

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease Control

Background:

  • Chlamydia trachomatis is a leading cause of sexually transmitted infections.
  • Accurate estimation of chlamydia re-infection rates is crucial for evaluating and refining control programs.
  • Previous studies have not fully explored the impact of denominator choice on re-infection rate calculations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess how different denominator selections influence the estimation of chlamydia re-infection rates and trends.
  • To compare the outcomes of using three distinct denominators for calculating re-infection rates in a defined population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of chlamydia re-infection data from women aged 15-44 years enrolled in a Pacific Northwest health plan (1998-2006).
  • Calculation of annual re-infection rates using three denominators: all women, women with prior infection, and women with prior infection who were retested.
  • Comparison of estimated rates and trends across the three denominator strategies.

Main Results:

  • Re-infection rates varied significantly based on the denominator used.
  • Rates per 100,000 person-years showed an increase from 64 to 149 for all women.
  • Rates decreased from 10,857 to 8,782 for women with prior infection, but increased from 29,374 to 42,475 for those retested after prior infection.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of denominator critically impacts the perceived magnitude and trends of chlamydia re-infection rates.
  • Restricting the denominator to women with a prior infection who are retested may offer a more accurate representation of the at-risk population.
  • Caution is advised when interpreting and comparing re-infection data due to methodological variations and other influencing factors like screening coverage and diagnostic technology.