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Related Concept Videos

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

High Sensitivity Measurement of Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinities by Competitive Titration Using Fluorescence Microscopy
06:38

High Sensitivity Measurement of Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinities by Competitive Titration Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: February 7, 2019

Study on the binding interaction between perfluoroalkyl acids and DNA.

Jie Cao1, Yin Wei, Yan Cheng

  • 1AQSIQ Key Laboratory of Drug Detection, Fujian International Travel Healthcare Center, Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of P.R.C., Fujian, 350001, China.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|May 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) bind to DNA primarily through intercalation, with longer chains and sulfonate structures showing stronger affinity. This interaction can alter DNA structure, impacting genotoxicity.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor
09:33

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Published on: March 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Molecular Toxicology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent environmental contaminants with known carcinogenic properties.
  • Understanding the genotoxicity of PFAAs requires detailed knowledge of their interaction with DNA.
  • Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of PFAA-DNA binding is crucial for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the DNA binding modes and affinities of five PFAAs.
  • To determine the influence of PFAA structure on DNA binding.
  • To examine PFAA-induced DNA conformational changes.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence displacement assays to measure binding affinity.
  • Molecular docking simulations to predict binding modes.
  • Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy to assess DNA conformational changes.

Main Results:

  • PFAAs predominantly bind to DNA via intercalation, with some groove binding observed.
  • Dissociation constants varied, with longer carbon chains and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates exhibiting stronger intercalation affinities.
  • CD analysis indicated PFAAs weaken DNA base stacking and helicity, suggesting PFAA-DNA adduct formation.

Conclusions:

  • PFAA binding to DNA is sequence-selective and influenced by molecular structure.
  • The study provides insights into PFAA-DNA adduct formation and genotoxicity mechanisms.
  • Findings contribute to a better understanding of the environmental health risks associated with PFAAs.