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Assessment of self-harm risk using implicit thoughts.

Jason R Randall1, Brian H Rowe, Kathryn A Dong

  • 1School of Public Health, University of Alberta.

Psychological Assessment
|May 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implicit cognition about death significantly predicts future self-harm risk in acute care patients. This finding aids in developing better screening tools for suicide prevention in emergency departments.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Assessing self-harm risk in acute care settings is challenging.
  • Identifying reliable risk factors is crucial for clinical practice and suicide prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between implicit cognition (unconscious thoughts) regarding death, suicide, and self-harm and future self-harm occurrences.
  • To develop a predictive model for self-harm risk using implicit cognition measures, psychometric tests, and clinical factors.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study of 107 adult patients (>17 years) in an acute care setting.
  • Baseline assessment included six implicit association tests (IATs) for death, suicide, and self-harm, alongside psychometric questionnaires (e.g., Beck Hopelessness Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) and clinical data.
  • Self-harm occurrence was tracked for 3 months as the primary outcome.

Main Results:

  • Implicit associations between death and life significantly predicted future self-harm (odds ratio = 5.1).
  • The developed multivariable model demonstrated high sensitivity (up to 96.6%) and varying specificity (53.9% to 96.2%) depending on the chosen cutoff point.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit cognition measures, particularly associations with death, show promise as a tool for screening emergency department patients for future self-harm or suicide risk.
  • This approach could enhance current risk assessment protocols in mental health presentations within acute care settings.