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Genetic Lingo

Genetic Lingo

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Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract

Published on: November 28, 2012

Genetics of human cataract.

A Shiels¹, J F Hejtmancik

¹Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Clinical Genetics

|May 8, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic studies reveal new insights into inherited cataracts, highlighting the lens

Keywords:

cataract genetics lens mutations

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract

Published on: November 28, 2012

RNA Isolation from Mouse Ocular Lens Epithelium and Fiber Cell Bulk Masses

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Published on: October 10, 2025

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology and Genetics
Developmental Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

Inherited cataracts involve complex pathogenesis mirroring lens development.
Understanding gene function is crucial for elucidating cataract mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the genetic basis of inherited cataracts.
To connect novel gene discoveries with lens biology insights.

Main Methods:

Genetic studies of inherited cataracts.
Analysis of gene mutations and their impact on lens structure and function.

Main Results:

Each identified gene mutation offers insights into lens structural and functional biology.
The current catalog of cataract-associated genes remains incomplete.

Conclusions:

Further genetic research is essential for a comprehensive understanding of cataract pathogenesis.
Significant discoveries regarding age-related cataract genetics are anticipated.