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Updated: May 11, 2026

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats
Published on: December 13, 2019
Abnormal left ventricular longitudinal function assessed by echocardiographic and tissue Doppler imaging is a
Frank Lloyd Dini1, Maurizio Galderisi, Stefano Nistri
1Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Background:
Through integrated use of echo-Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), it is possible to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of both left ventricular (LV) diastolic and longitudinal functions. In this study, we sought to assess the prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and its relation with indices of long-axis function in asymptomatic patients with arterial hypertension.
Methods And Results:
A perspective echo-Doppler study was performed in 1556 consecutive asymptomatic patients with grade 2-to-3 arterial hypertension aged 40-80 years enrolled in the SPHERE (multicenter proSPective study of ecHocardiography in hypERtEnsion) study. All patients had a LV ejection fraction (EF)≥50% and no history of heart failure or coronary artery disease. Advanced LVDD was identified by an average mitral-to-peak early diastolic annular ratio (E/e')≥13. Less than advanced LVDD was identified by: 8
Conclusions:
An abnormal LV long-axis function was a powerful determinant of any LVDD in asymptomatic patients with arterial hypertension.
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