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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
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Apolipoprotein M: bridging HDL and endothelial function.

Christina Christoffersen1, Lars Bo Nielsen

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Christina.christoffersen@rh.regionh.dk

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Summary

Apolipoprotein M (apoM) carries sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), impacting endothelial function and potentially serving as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is primarily found bound to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma.
  • Its roles in atherosclerosis and lipoprotein metabolism have been extensively studied.
  • Emerging research highlights apoM's novel function as a carrier protein for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential roles of apolipoprotein M (apoM) as a carrier protein.
  • To explore apoM's modulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) bioactivity.
  • To discuss the implications of the apoM/S1P axis in health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating apoM and S1P.
  • Analysis of recombinant apoM's binding capabilities.
  • Examination of in vivo studies in apoM-deficient mice and human clinical data.

Main Results:

  • Recombinant apoM binds various lipids, including S1P, retinoic acid, and oxidized phospholipids.
  • ApoM-bound S1P activates S1P1 receptors on endothelial cells.
  • apoM deficiency in mice leads to impaired endothelial barrier function; low plasma apoM is associated with sepsis in humans.

Conclusions:

  • The apoM/S1P axis is crucial for endothelial barrier function and has implications in inflammatory conditions like sepsis.
  • apoM's role extends beyond lipoprotein metabolism to include S1P chaperone activity.
  • Further research into the apoM/S1P pathway may reveal new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, particularly given the success of S1P-targeting drugs like fingolimod.