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Related Concept Videos

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In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Mouse Genome Engineering Using Designer Nucleases
12:04

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Published on: April 2, 2014

A novel and stable mouse artificial chromosome vector.

Masato Takiguchi1, Yasuhiro Kazuki, Kei Hiramatsu

  • 1Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University , 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|May 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel mouse artificial chromosomes (MACs) to improve artificial chromosome stability in mice. These MAC vectors show stable maintenance in mouse cells and tissues, offering new tools for gene function studies and creating model organisms.

Keywords:
chromosome engineeringhuman artificial chromosome (HAC)humanized model mousemouse artificial chromosome (MAC)trans-chromosomic mouse

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Published on: January 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Human chromosome fragments (hCFs) and human artificial chromosomes (HACs) can be transferred into mouse ES cells to create trans-chromosomic (Tc) mice.
  • Autonomous maintenance of hCFs and HACs in Tc mice is variable, potentially due to interspecies centromere differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer novel mouse artificial chromosome (MAC) vectors for improved retention in mouse cells.
  • To assess the stability and utility of MAC vectors in mouse ES cells and Tc mice.

Main Methods:

  • Truncation of a natural mouse chromosome adjacent to the centromeric region to create MAC vectors.
  • Introduction of MAC vectors into mouse ES cells and generation of Tc mice.
  • Evaluation of MAC vector stability in various mouse tissues.

Main Results:

  • Stable cell clones containing MAC vectors were obtained in mouse ES cells.
  • MAC vectors demonstrated stable maintenance in various tissues of Tc mice.
  • MAC vectors possess acceptor sites for gene insertion.

Conclusions:

  • Novel MAC vectors offer improved retention and stability compared to HACs in mouse systems.
  • MAC vectors are valuable tools for gene functional analysis, creating humanized mouse models, and advancing synthetic biology.
  • Tc mice harboring MAC vectors facilitate research in genetics and disease modeling.