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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug
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Mechanical clot damage from cavitation during sonothrombolysis.

Hope L Weiss1, Prashanth Selvaraj, Kohei Okita

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1740, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 10, 2013
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Summary

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) may damage blood clots via cavitation. Bubble collapse, especially asymmetric jets, causes significant clot damage, potentially aiding ischemic stroke treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Acoustics
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) shows promise in accelerating thrombolysis for ischemic stroke.
  • The precise mechanisms, particularly the role of cavitation, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical damage potential of cavitation bubbles on blood clots.
  • To quantify damage using fiber stretch and energy-based methods.
  • To analyze the impact of bubble location and collapse dynamics on clot damage.

Main Methods:

  • Two independent methods were used to estimate fiber network damage from bubble expansion/collapse: fiber stretch and available energy.
  • The energy method was extended to model asymmetric bubble collapse producing impinging jets.
  • Simulations explored HIFU wave propagation through varying calvaria densities.

Main Results:

  • Consistent results were obtained from fiber stretch and energy-based damage estimations.
  • Asymmetric bubble collapse outside a clot, forming an impinging jet, caused significantly more damage than internal bubble collapse.
  • Lower calvaria density correlated with increased energy available for clot damage.

Conclusions:

  • Cavitation-induced mechanical damage to blood clots is a plausible mechanism for HIFU-accelerated thrombolysis.
  • Impinging jets from asymmetric bubble collapse are particularly effective at damaging clots.
  • Calvaria density influences the energy delivered by HIFU, impacting potential clot damage.