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Updated: May 11, 2026
Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo
Published on: July 1, 2013
Immunohistochemical analysis of staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants using a
Ilja Mihatovic1, Vladimir Golubovic, Jürgen Becker
1Department of Oral Surgery, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany, ilja.mihatovic@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.
Objectives:
This study aimed to immunohistochemically evaluate staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants using two bone graft substitutes in combination with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) membrane in a dog model.
Materials And Methods:
Saddle-type alveolar ridge defects were prepared in the lower jaws of 12 foxhounds and randomly filled with a natural bone mineral (NBM) or a biphasic calcium phosphate (SBC) and covered with an in situ gelling PEG membrane. After a healing period of 8 and 12 weeks (six animals each), modSLA titanium implants were inserted to heal in a submerged position. At 8 + 2 and 12 + 2 weeks, respectively, dissected blocks were processed for immunohistochemical analysis [osteocalcin (OC)].
Results:
After 8 + 2 weeks, mean OC values (%) tended to be higher in the NBM group (NBM, 32.7 ± 8.9%), but failed to reach statistical significance over the SBC group (SBC, 24.4 ± 6.6%). After 12 + 2 weeks, mean OC values decreased in both groups and was almost identical in both groups (NBM 1.6 ± 1.2%/SBC 2.1 ± 1.4%).
Conclusion:
It was concluded that all augmentation procedures investigated were characterised by a comparable OC activity during the process of bone regeneration and osseointegration of modSLA titanium implants.
