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Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Guided Endodontics: Three-Dimensional Planning and Template-Aided Preparation of Endodontic Access Cavities

Guided Endodontics: Three-Dimensional Planning and Template-Aided Preparation of Endodontic Access Cavities

Published on: May 24, 2022

Teaching model for artificial teeth and endodontic apex locators.

Jörg Philipp Tchorz¹, Elmar Hellwig, Markus Jörg Altenburger

¹University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Freiburg, Germany. joerg.tchorz@uniklinik-freiburg.de

Journal of Dental Education

|May 10, 2013

Summary

A new, affordable dental model with artificial teeth aids endodontic education. It enables accurate working length determination using electronic apex locators, supporting validated student treatment evaluations.

Keywords:

Germany artificial teeth endodontic education endodontics root canal

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Endodontic Education
Dental Simulation

Background:

Traditional endodontic education faces challenges in providing hands-on experience with realistic anatomical variations.
Developing cost-effective and versatile simulation models is crucial for enhancing dental training.
Artificial teeth offer a potential component for creating adaptable endodontic training models.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a simple, inexpensive, and effective artificial tooth model for endodontic education.
To assess the feasibility of using electronic apex locators for working length determination within the model.
To evaluate the model's utility in facilitating validated assessment of endodontic techniques.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel, low-cost model incorporating artificial teeth.
Integration of artificial root canals within the model for simulation purposes.
Testing of electronic apex locators for working length determination in the artificial root canals, with variations in embedding media.

Main Results:

Successful working length determination was achieved in artificial root canals using electronic apex locators.
The embedding media used did not significantly influence the accuracy of the measurements.
The model demonstrated suitability for practicing current endodontic techniques and for student evaluation.

Conclusions:

The developed artificial tooth model is a valuable and cost-effective tool for endodontic education.
The model accurately simulates working length determination, supporting skill development and assessment.
Removable artificial teeth enhance the model's versatility for visualization and repeated endodontic exercises.