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Related Concept Videos

Muscle Coordination and Action01:24

Muscle Coordination and Action

Muscle coordination is a complex and finely tuned process essential for smooth and purposeful movements like flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. The human body orchestrates the actions of various muscles working in concert, each with a specific role. Four functional types describe how muscles work together: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator.
Agonists
Agonist muscles, often called prime movers, are the primary muscles responsible for producing a specific movement.
Somatic Spinal Reflexes01:22

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...
Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions01:22

Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions

Two primary types of muscle contractions are isotonic and isometric, each serving unique functions and involving distinct mechanisms. Both isotonic and isometric contractions are integral to the body's complex system of movement and stability. Isotonic exercises contribute significantly to functional strength and movement, while isometric contractions are crucial for maintaining posture and joint stability.
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while the...
Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, metacarpophalangeal,...
Motor Unit Stimulation01:20

Motor Unit Stimulation

When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Ex vivo Mechanical Loading of Tendon
11:36

Ex vivo Mechanical Loading of Tendon

Published on: May 28, 2007

Current flexor and extensor tendon motion regimens: a summary.

Sean P Clancy1, Daniel P Mass

  • 1Hand Therapy Program, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 South Maryland, Chicago, IL 60637-1470, USA. Sean.Clancy@uchospitals.edu

Hand Clinics
|May 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This article reviews early motion protocols for digital tendon repair, including flexor and extensor exercises. It aims to educate on advanced rehabilitation techniques and custom orthosis design for improved patient outcomes.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Ex vivo Mechanical Loading of Tendon
11:36

Ex vivo Mechanical Loading of Tendon

Published on: May 28, 2007

A Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion Testing System for an In Vivo Model of Overuse-induced Tendinopathy
04:37

A Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion Testing System for an In Vivo Model of Overuse-induced Tendinopathy

Published on: March 1, 2024

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects
06:36

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects

Published on: December 10, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Hand Therapy

Background:

  • Digital tendon injuries require specialized rehabilitation to restore function.
  • Early motion protocols are crucial for preventing adhesions and improving outcomes.
  • Multinational approaches offer diverse strategies for tendon repair recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize select multinational early motion protocols for digital tendon repair.
  • To educate readers on advanced techniques in tendon rehabilitation.
  • To stimulate independent study and skill enhancement in hand therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of multinational early motion protocols for flexor and extensor tendon injuries.
  • Discussion of custom orthosis design and fabrication.
  • Outline of specific exercise regimens for post-operative care.

Main Results:

  • Presentation of diverse early motion protocols from various international settings.
  • Examples of advanced techniques in tendon rehabilitation.
  • Guidance on custom orthosis for optimal digital tendon healing.

Conclusions:

  • Early motion is key in digital tendon repair recovery.
  • Advanced techniques and custom orthoses enhance rehabilitation.
  • Continuous learning in tendon repair strategies is essential for practitioners.