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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Helix01:07

The DNA Helix

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview
The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview
The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
16:24

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Published on: April 26, 2013

Structural complexity of DNA sequence.

Cheng-Yuan Liou1, Shen-Han Tseng, Wei-Chen Cheng

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. cyliou@csie.ntu.edu.tw

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
|May 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel structural method using context-free grammars for biological sequence fragment allocation. This approach offers a distinct alternative to statistical methods, improving functional analysis in bioinformatics.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Efficient allocation of functional biological sequence fragments is crucial in modern bioinformatics.
  • Existing statistical methods face challenges in accurately analyzing sequence complexity and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel structural approach for biological sequence fragment allocation.
  • To differentiate this method from conventional statistical techniques.
  • To compare its complexity analysis with topological entropy-based methods.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of context-free grammars from DNA or protein sequences.
  • Application of a structural analysis framework.
  • Comparative analysis using topological entropy.

Main Results:

  • The structural approach provides a new paradigm for sequence fragment allocation.
  • Demonstrated differences and consistencies in complexity results compared to topological entropy.
  • Highlighted the distinct nature of this method from statistical approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The context-free grammar-based structural method offers a viable and distinct alternative for biological sequence analysis.
  • This approach enhances the understanding of sequence complexity and functional allocation in bioinformatics.