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Related Concept Videos

Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
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Translation

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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
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Published on: August 20, 2019

The origin recognition complex in human diseases.

Zhen Shen1

  • 1Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. zshen@mail.rockefeller.edu

Bioscience Reports
|May 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Origin recognition complex (ORC) initiates DNA replication and regulates cellular processes. This review details ORC

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Human Genetics
  • Disease Mechanisms

Background:

  • Origin recognition complex (ORC) is essential for DNA replication initiation and pre-replication complex (pre-RC) assembly.
  • ORC also performs critical non-replication functions, regulating diverse cellular processes.
  • Dysregulation and mutations in ORC are implicated in various human diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the current understanding of ORC's involvement in human diseases.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying ORC dysregulation in disease pathogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of ORC-related discoveries as model systems for therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ORC and human diseases.
  • Analysis of genetic mutations affecting ORC function.
  • Examination of pathogen exploitation of host ORC.

Main Results:

  • ORC mutations lead to altered function and dysregulated phenotypes in genetic diseases like Meier-Gorlin syndrome (MGS).
  • Pathogens such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and parasites causing American and African trypanosomiasis, exploit host ORC for genome maintenance.
  • The molecular mechanisms linking ORC to these diseases are often unclear but involve altered function or pathogen interaction.

Conclusions:

  • ORC is a critical regulator implicated in a spectrum of human diseases, including genetic disorders and infectious diseases.
  • Understanding ORC's role in disease pathogenesis provides insights into disease mechanisms.
  • ORC-related disease models offer potential for developing novel therapeutic strategies.