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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach
09:32

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach

Published on: September 26, 2019

Difficult to control atopic dermatitis.

Ulf Darsow1, Andreas Wollenberg, Dagmar Simon

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. ulf.darsow@lrz.tum.de.

The World Allergy Organization Journal
|May 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing difficult atopic dermatitis (AD) involves combining topical and systemic therapies. Treatments include corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antimicrobials, and UV irradiation, alongside patient education.

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Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment
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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach
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Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment
06:47

Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment

Published on: September 27, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a challenging inflammatory skin condition requiring multifaceted treatment approaches.
  • Severe AD often necessitates a combination of topical and systemic therapies for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline current therapeutic strategies for managing difficult-to-control atopic dermatitis.
  • To review the role of various treatment modalities, including topical and systemic agents, in AD management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and emerging treatments for atopic dermatitis.
  • Discussion of topical anti-inflammatory agents (glucocorticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors), systemic treatments, antimicrobial therapies, and adjuvant options like UV irradiation and patient education.

Main Results:

  • Topical corticosteroids are the primary therapy, with topical calcineurin inhibitors preferred for specific areas.
  • Systemic treatments are reserved for severe, refractory cases.
  • Antimicrobial treatments address microbial colonization, while antihistamines offer limited pruritus relief. UV irradiation and "eczema school" are beneficial adjuncts.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of severe atopic dermatitis relies on a combination of therapies tailored to individual patient needs.
  • Addressing inflammation, infection, and patient education is crucial for controlling AD exacerbations and improving outcomes.