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Photosensitivity due to thiazides.

S Gómez-Bernal1, A Alvarez-Pérez1, L Rodríguez-Pazos1

  • 1Departamento de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago de Compostela, España.

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas
|May 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Photosensitivity reactions to thiazide diuretics, like hydrochlorothiazide, are rare but can cause skin issues. Diagnosis requires a high suspicion and often photobiological testing for confirmation.

Keywords:
Drug-induced photosensitivityFotosensibilidad por fármacosFototestPhototestingThiazidesTiazidas

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Thiazides are common diuretics introduced in the 1950s.
  • Photosensitivity reactions to thiazides were reported early but are infrequently described.
  • A comprehensive review of thiazide-induced photosensitivity cases is warranted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze documented cases of photosensitivity reactions attributed to thiazide diuretics.
  • To identify common clinical presentations, causative agents, and diagnostic methods.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of photosensitivity cases linked to thiazides up to December 2011.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic test results (phototesting, photopatch testing).

Main Results:

  • 62 cases of thiazide-induced photosensitivity were identified (33 female, 29 male).
  • Eczematous, photodistributed lesions were the most common presentation.
  • Hydrochlorothiazide was the most frequently implicated thiazide.
  • Photobiological studies often showed abnormal responses to UV-A or UV-A/UV-B; photopatch testing was sometimes necessary.

Conclusions:

  • Thiazide-induced photosensitivity necessitates a high index of clinical suspicion for diagnosis.
  • Photobiological studies, including phototesting and photopatch testing, are crucial for confirming the diagnosis.
  • Early recognition and diagnostic confirmation are important for managing photosensitivity reactions to thiazides.