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Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

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Parabrachial nucleus involvement in multiple system atrophy.

E E Benarroch¹, A M Schmeichel, P A Low

¹Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical

|May 14, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) causes respiratory problems by affecting neurons in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN). This study found significant neuron loss in key respiratory areas of the PBN in MSA patients.

Keywords:

CGRP Lateral parabrachial MSA Medial parabrachial Stridor

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High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

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Published on: May 10, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Respiratory Medicine
Neuropathology

Background:

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder.
Respiratory dysfunction, including sleep apnea and stridor, is a common complication of MSA.
The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) plays a critical role in regulating respiratory functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the involvement of respiratory control regions within the PBN in Multiple System Atrophy (MSA).
To determine if specific neuronal populations in the PBN are affected in MSA patients.

Main Methods:

Autopsy examination of pontine tissue from 10 confirmed MSA cases and 8 controls.
Histological analysis using calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) and Nissl staining.
Stereological cell counting to quantify neurons in specific PBN subregions, including the lateral PBN (LPB) and Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (K-F).

Main Results:

Significant reduction in calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) expressing neurons in the PBN of MSA cases compared to controls.
Demonstrated neuronal loss in the lateral crescent of the lateral PBN (LPB) and the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (K-F) in MSA.
Quantified cell loss in specific PBN clusters, showing statistically significant decreases in MSA patients (p<0.0001 for LPB and K-F).

Conclusions:

The study confirms the involvement of both CGRP and putative respiratory neuronal groups in the PBN in Multiple System Atrophy (MSA).
Neuronal loss in the LPB and K-F nuclei of the PBN is implicated in the respiratory dysfunction observed in MSA.
Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical significance of CGRP neuron loss in MSA.