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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...

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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
08:44

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Published on: September 7, 2022

Fulminant Epstein Barr virus encephalitis.

Aji George Mathew1, Yusuf Parvez

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Al-Jahra Hospital, Kuwait. docaji@gmail.com

Indian Pediatrics
|May 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epstein Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis, though rare in children, can cause severe, fatal neurological issues. Diagnosis requires molecular, serological, and imaging tests for prompt identification.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
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Published on: September 7, 2022

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Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line
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Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line

Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurovirology

Background:

  • Epstein Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis is a rare but serious condition in children.
  • It can present with diverse neurological symptoms, sometimes mimicking infectious mononucleosis.
  • The condition carries a risk of severe neurological complications and mortality.

Observation:

  • This report details two fatal cases of EBV meningoencephalitis in children.
  • Both cases presented solely with neurological manifestations, without the typical signs of infectious mononucleosis.
  • The diagnostic challenge of EBV encephalitis in pediatric patients is highlighted.

Findings:

  • Establishing a diagnosis of EBV encephalitis in children is often difficult.
  • A combination of molecular, serological, and neuroimaging techniques is crucial for diagnosis.
  • The presented cases underscore the severe potential of EBV-induced meningoencephalitis.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness and utilization of diagnostic tools are needed for EBV encephalitis in children.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis can potentially alter patient outcomes.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and management of pediatric EBV encephalitis is warranted.