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Suicide and Deliberate Self-injurious Behavior in Juvenile Correctional Facilities: A Review
Hygiea Casiano1, Laurence Y Katz, Daniel Globerman
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Objective:
Describe the rates of suicidal ideation, self-injury, and suicide among detained youth as well as risk factors and preventive measures that have been attempted.
Method:
Literature searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Social Science Citation Index were undertaken to identify published studies written in English. Governmental data was also included from English-speaking nations.
Results:
The adjusted risk of suicide was 3 to 18 times higher than age-matched controls. The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation ranged from 16.9% to 59% while lifetime self-injury ranged from 6.2% to 44%. Affective disorders, borderline personality traits, substance use disorders, impulse control disorders, and anxiety disorders were associated with suicidal thoughts and self-injury. Screening for suicidal ideation upon entry was associated with a decreased rate of suicide.
Conclusions:
All youth should be screened upon admission. Identified co-morbid disorders should also be treated.
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