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Related Concept Videos

Carbocations02:10

Carbocations

Carbocations are one of the reaction intermediates formed during several nucleophilic substitutions or elimination reactions. A carbocation is an electron-deficient species with the central carbon atom having six electrons and three bonded atoms. The central carbon in a carbocation is sp2 hybridized with trigonal planar geometry. It has an empty p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the structure that can accept electrons. Thus, carbocations act as strong electrophiles and may react with any...
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Lipids as Anchors

In the plasma membrane, the lipids forming the bilayer can also act as an anchor to tether proteins to the membrane. The three main types of lipid anchors found in eukaryotes are – prenyl groups, fatty acyl groups, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol or GPI groups. Prenyl and fatty acyl groups act as anchors on the cytosolic surface of the membrane, whereas GPI anchors proteins on the extracellular side.
The carboxy-terminal of most of the prenylated proteins, such as Ras proteins, contains the...
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Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.

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In Situ SIMS and IR Spectroscopy of Well-defined Surfaces Prepared by Soft Landing of Mass-selected Ions
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Addressable carbene anchors for gold surfaces.

Aleksandr V Zhukhovitskiy1, Michael G Mavros, Troy Van Voorhis

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

New addressable N-heterocyclic carbene (ANHC) anchors enable functional monolayer formation on gold surfaces. This breakthrough advances surface modification techniques by allowing polymer grafting from these novel anchors.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Current surface modification methods can be augmented by new strategies for creating functional monolayers.
  • Gold surfaces are widely used in various applications, necessitating improved methods for their functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and characterize addressable N-heterocyclic carbene (ANHC) anchors for gold surfaces.
  • To demonstrate the utility of ANHC anchors for grafting functional polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a suite of experimental techniques for monolayer characterization.
  • Employed theoretical methods to understand ANHC anchor behavior.
  • Demonstrated polymer grafting from surface-bound ANHCs.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed and characterized ANHC monolayers on gold surfaces.
  • Confirmed the ability to graft highly fluorinated polymers from ANHC anchors.
  • Established ANHCs as effective anchors for gold surface modification.

Conclusions:

  • Addressable N-heterocyclic carbene (ANHC) anchors are viable for gold surface functionalization.
  • This work provides a new strategy for creating functional monolayers.
  • ANHC anchors open new avenues for advanced surface modification applications.