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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
09:49

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

Traumatic dural tears: what do we know and are they a problem?

Myles J Luszczyk1, Gregory Y Blaisdell2, Brett P Wiater2

  • 1ORA Orthopedics, 520 Valley View Drive #100, Moline, IL 61265, USA.

The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
|May 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Traumatic dural tears are infrequent in spine injuries, affecting 11.6% of patients. Despite high rates of associated neurologic injury, complications directly from these tears are rare.

Keywords:
ComplicationsDural tearSpinal cord injurySpine fractureTrauma

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Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
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Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
05:01

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 16, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Spine Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Iatrogenic dural tears are common in spine surgery.
  • Limited data exists on traumatic dural tears and their complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize traumatic dural tears.
  • To evaluate complication rates in surgically treated spine injury patients with traumatic dural tears.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 1,615 operatively managed spine injuries at a Level I trauma center (2003-2009).
  • Identified 187 patients with traumatic dural tears.
  • Analyzed tear location, fracture patterns, neurologic status, and complications.

Main Results:

  • Traumatic dural tears occurred in 11.6% of patients.
  • Cervical (9.1%), thoracic (9.9%), and lumbosacral (17.6%) spine fractures.
  • 82.3% had dural repair; 48.7% had complete neurologic injury.
  • Low complication rate (2.1%) directly related to the dural tear.

Conclusions:

  • Traumatic dural tears are associated with significant neurologic injury.
  • Complications directly attributable to traumatic dural tears are uncommon.
  • Patients with traumatic dural tears have a low risk of subsequent complications.