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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

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Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...

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Determination of Vaccine Immunogenicity Using Bovine Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
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Published on: May 19, 2023

Th17 cell based vaccines in mucosal immunity.

Pawan Kumar1, Kong Chen, Jay K Kolls

  • 1Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Current Opinion in Immunology
|May 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vaccines can be limited by pathogen strains, but T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses offer a promising alternative for broader immunity. Research highlights Th17

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Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

Published on: September 19, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Vaccine efficacy can be limited by pathogen strain variability, necessitating alternative immune strategies.
  • While neutralizing antibodies are key, serotype-independent immunity offers broader protection against diverse pathogens.
  • T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses, particularly CD4+ T-cell dependent mechanisms, show potential in vaccine-induced immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the role of Th17 cells in vaccine-induced immunity.
  • To discuss the potential of Th17 responses in developing vaccines against challenging pathogens.
  • To explore the current status and future challenges in Th17-based mucosal vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of murine vaccine models demonstrating Th17 cell-mediated protective responses.
  • Analysis of Th17 effector mechanisms, including neutrophil recruitment and antimicrobial peptide release.
  • Examination of IL-17-driven Th1 immunity in the context of pathogen clearance.

Main Results:

  • Th17 responses involve recruitment of neutrophils and release of antimicrobial peptides, contributing to protective immunity.
  • Th17-mediated immunity has shown efficacy against challenging pathogens, such as antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
  • CD4+ T-cell dependent vaccine responses, including Th17 induction, are a viable strategy for enhanced vaccine efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating Th17 response mechanisms and identifying effective adjuvants are crucial for developing successful Th17-based vaccines.
  • Th17-based vaccines hold promise for providing broad immunity against various pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant strains.
  • Further research into Th17-based mucosal vaccine development is necessary to overcome current challenges and optimize efficacy.