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Bone marrow stem cell as a potential treatment for diabetes

Ming Li1, Susumu Ikehara

  • 1Department of Stem Cell Disorders, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan.

Journal of Diabetes Research
|May 15, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Bone marrow stem cells offer a promising avenue for treating diabetes mellitus (DM). This research explores their potential to generate functional beta cells for type 1 and type 2 DM.

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion or action.
  • Chronic high blood glucose damages vital organs including eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
  • Current therapies like diet, insulin, and oral agents often fail to achieve sustained normal glucose levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of stem cells for generating functional beta cells for diabetes treatment.
  • To focus specifically on the application of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) for type 1 and type 2 DM.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on stem cell-based therapies for diabetes.
  • Classification of stem cells into embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and tissue stem cells (TSCs).
  • Focus on bone marrow-, liver-, and pancreas-derived stem cells within the TSC category.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells, including ESCs and TSCs, are being investigated for their ability to generate functional beta cells.
  • Bone marrow stem cells are identified as a key focus for treating both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
  • Limitations of current therapies and organ transplantation highlight the need for alternative solutions.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell therapy, particularly using bone marrow stem cells, presents a promising alternative for managing diabetes mellitus.
  • Further research into generating functional beta cells from stem cells is crucial for overcoming donor organ shortages.
  • This approach holds potential for improved glucose control in patients with type 1 and type 2 DM.

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