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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Quantum probability and conceptual combination in conjunctions.

James A Hampton¹

¹Department of Psychology, City University London, City University, Northampton Square, London EC1V OHB, United Kingdom. Hampton@city.ac.uk

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences

|May 16, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum probability (QP) offers a new lens for category conjunctions, but struggles with the "guppy effect." This phenomenon, where a category fits a conjunction better than its components, challenges current quantum models of decision-making.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Science
Decision Making
Quantum Cognition

Background:

The conjunction fallacy describes the tendency to judge a conjunction of events as more probable than one of its constituents.
Pothos & Busemeyer's quantum probability (QP) account offers a novel framework for understanding cognitive phenomena, including the conjunction fallacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the capacity of the Pothos & Busemeyer (P&B) quantum probability (QP) account to explain category conjunctions.
To investigate whether the P&B QP account can adequately model the "guppy effect" in category conjunctions.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of the Pothos & Busemeyer (P&B) quantum probability (QP) framework.
Examination of the "guppy effect" within the context of category conjunctions and its implications for existing QP models.

Main Results:

The P&B quantum probability (QP) account, as currently formulated, does not fully capture the nuances of category conjunctions.
Specifically, the model fails to account for the "guppy effect," where a category is a better fit for a conjunction (A^B) than for its individual components (A or B).

Conclusions:

The P&B quantum probability (QP) account requires refinement to encompass all observed phenomena in category conjunctions, including the "guppy effect."
Further development of quantum cognitive models is necessary to fully explain complex human judgments in categorization and probability.