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Soil microbial ecology is defined by highly diverse, spatially structured communities that drive nutrient cycling, organic matter turnover, and overall ecosystem stability. Although a gram of soil can contain thousands of bacterial and archaeal taxa, the ecological processes they mediate are even more crucial for sustaining terrestrial life.Microhabitats and NichesSoil is a heterogeneous mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. Microbes inhabit distinct microhabitats formed by...
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Updated: May 11, 2026

Biocontained Carcass Composting for Control of Infectious Disease Outbreak in Livestock
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Published on: May 6, 2010

Biochar affected by composting with farmyard manure.

Katharina Prost, Nils Borchard, Jan Siemens

    Journal of Environmental Quality
    |May 16, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    Composting farmyard manure with biochar significantly increases its nutrient content and cation exchange capacity (CEC). This process enhances soil fertility potential by loading biochar with essential nutrients, despite some changes to its surface properties.

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    09:39

    Physical, Chemical and Biological Characterization of Six Biochars Produced for the Remediation of Contaminated Sites

    Published on: November 28, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Soil Science
    • Environmental Chemistry
    • Agronomy

    Background:

    • Biochar application to soils enhances fertility by increasing cation exchange capacity (CEC) and nutrient retention.
    • Biochar amendment is often combined with organic fertilizers like farmyard manure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of composting with farmyard manure on the CEC and nutrient content of charcoal and gasification coke.
    • To determine the extent to which biochar absorbs leachate during composting.

    Main Methods:

    • Composting charcoal and gasification coke with farmyard manure.
    • Analyzing changes in moisture content, water-extractable organic carbon, total soluble nitrogen, plant-available phosphorus, and plant-available potassium.
    • Measuring potential CEC and surface area of biochars before and after composting.

    Main Results:

    • Both biochar types absorbed significant amounts of leachate, increasing moisture content.
    • Composting substantially increased organic matter and nutrient content (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in both biochars.
    • Potential CEC increased significantly for gasification coke and moderately for charcoal.
    • Surface area decreased due to pore clogging, while black carbon structure remained largely unchanged.

    Conclusions:

    • Composting farmyard manure enhances the nutrient load and CEC of biochar.
    • The composting process alters biochar surface properties, primarily by reducing surface area.
    • Biochar-compost interactions are beneficial for nutrient enrichment but impact physical characteristics.