Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation
07:16

Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation

Published on: June 21, 2021

Black carbon-mediated reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene by dithiothreitol

Seok-Young Oh, Jong-Gil Son, Seung Hyun Hur

    Journal of Environmental Quality
    |May 16, 2013
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals10:44

    Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

    Published on: April 19, 2019

    Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation06:23

    Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation

    Published on: March 9, 2018

    Related Concept Videos

    Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

    Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

    Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
    Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

    Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

    Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
    Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
    Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism01:18

    Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

    Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
    Acetals and Thioacetals as Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones01:24

    Acetals and Thioacetals as Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones

    Acetals are formed by reacting two equivalents of alcohol with carbonyl compounds like aldehydes or ketones. Acetals are unaffected by bases, nucleophiles, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents. They serve as protecting groups for aldehydes and ketones. Acetals can be easily formed and also easily removed via mild acid hydrolysis.
    In the presence of multiple functional groups, when selective reduction of one group over the other is desired, groups like aldehydes and ketones that form acetals...
    Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Nitriles and Carboxylic Acids01:24

    Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Nitriles and Carboxylic Acids

    Although it is possible to reduce a carboxylic acid to an aldehyde, strong reducing agents, like lithium aluminum hydride (LAH), prohibit a controlled reduction, instead causing the generated aldehyde to instantly over-reduce to a primary alcohol.
    Reducing carboxylic acid derivatives like acyl chlorides (RCOCl), esters (RCO2R′), and nitriles (RCN) using milder aluminum hydride agents like lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride [LiAlH(O-t-Bu)3] and diisobutylaluminum hydride [DIBAL-H] allows...
    Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

    Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

    Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
    The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...