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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

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Published on: August 5, 2014

A functional magnetic resonance imaging study mapping the episodic memory encoding network in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Meneka K Sidhu1, Jason Stretton, Gavin P Winston

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|May 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients show brain network reorganization for memory encoding. Extra-temporal brain regions, like the orbitofrontal cortex, are crucial for successful memory formation in TLE.

Keywords:
episodic memoryfunctional MRItemporal lobe epilepsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reveal memory network reorganization in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  • Extra-temporal network changes in TLE remain less understood.
  • Hippocampal sclerosis is a common cause of refractory TLE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate temporal and extra-temporal network reorganization in TLE.
  • Identify neural correlates of successful memory encoding and subsequent memory formation.
  • Examine the role of extra-temporal regions in memory in TLE patients.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI memory encoding paradigm (faces and words) in 44 TLE patients and 26 controls.
  • Blocked analysis for encoding activations; event-related analysis for subsequent memory effects.
  • Correlation of fMRI activations with out-of-scanner verbal and visual memory scores.

Main Results:

  • Patients with left hippocampal sclerosis showed additional right temporal/extra-temporal activations during word encoding.
  • Patients with right hippocampal sclerosis showed bilateral temporal activations during face encoding.
  • Orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and insula activations correlated with better memory performance in TLE patients.

Conclusions:

  • Medial temporal lobe reorganization is efficient for memory formation in TLE.
  • Orbitofrontal cortex is critical for subsequent memory in both controls and TLE patients.
  • Anterior cingulate and insula activations represent effective extra-temporal recruitment for memory in TLE.