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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

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Related Experiment Video

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Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

Genetic variation and its role in malignancy.

Bente A Talseth-Palmer1, Rodney J Scott

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Australia; ; Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia;

International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS
|May 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variation in the human genome is linked to complex diseases and cancer. This review summarizes genetic variations, DNA damage, repair, and environmental factors, aiming to reduce cancer deaths.

Keywords:
DNA damage and repairenvironmental influencegenetic variationmalignancy

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Common complex diseases are frequently associated with genetic variation.
  • Understanding genetic variation is crucial for disease research.
  • The human genome harbors diverse forms of genetic variation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the various forms of genetic variation in the human genome.
  • To discuss the role of DNA damage, DNA repair, and environmental factors in genetic variation related to cancer.
  • To examine significant genome projects and their findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genetic variation studies.
  • Analysis of the interplay between DNA damage, repair, and environmental factors in cancer genetics.
  • Review of major human genome projects.

Main Results:

  • Various forms of genetic variation are associated with malignancies.
  • The review synthesizes current knowledge on genetic variation and cancer.
  • Significant genome projects have provided extensive data on human genetic variation.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variation plays a significant role in cancer development.
  • Further research into genetic variation, DNA damage, repair, and environmental influences is needed.
  • The ultimate goal is to decrease cancer mortality through genetic studies.