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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

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Updated: May 11, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Long-range air-hole assisted subwavelength waveguides.

Wen Zhou1, Xu Guang Huang

  • 1Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School for Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.

Nanotechnology
|May 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new air-hole assisted metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide offers superior performance. This hybrid photonic crystal waveguide shows high figure of merit and propagation length for advanced photonic integration.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Nanophotonics
  • Waveguide Technology
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguides are crucial for optical integration.
  • Existing MDM waveguides face limitations in performance metrics like figure of merit and propagation length.
  • Photonic crystal waveguides offer unique light confinement properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel air-hole assisted metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide.
  • To investigate the performance of this hybrid waveguide combining MDM and photonic crystal structures.
  • To evaluate its potential for high-density photonic integration.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and experimental demonstration of the proposed air-hole assisted MDM waveguide.
  • Characterization of key waveguide parameters including figure of merit, propagation length, and mode width.
  • Analysis of waveguide isolation, optical bandwidth, bend efficiency, and radiation loss at 1.55 μm.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a figure of merit as high as 6 × 10^8.
  • Demonstrated a propagation length of 15.2 mm with lateral mode width between 511.3 and 564.3 nm.
  • Exhibited waveguide isolation over 36 dB with a tiny center-to-center separation, broad optical bandwidth, efficient 90° and 120° bends, and low radiation loss.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed air-hole assisted MDM waveguide significantly outperforms existing structures.
  • Its excellent performance metrics make it an ideal candidate for high-density photonic integrations.
  • This novel waveguide offers a promising solution compared to long-range surface plasmon polariton and TE-mode MDM waveguides.